蒙古证交所20指数 (MSETOP20) 加自选

2025年3月，蒙古的贸易顺差从去年同期的6.487亿美元收窄至1.717亿美元。出口同比下降31.3%，至10.083亿美元，而进口小幅增长2.1%，至8.367亿美元。1月至3月，贸易顺差从一年前的12.36亿美元降至4.651亿美元。出口下降17.5%，至30.13亿美元，主要原因是煤炭、黄金、羊肉和山羊肉、铁矿石和精矿以及原油的销售额下降。中国仍然是蒙古最大的出口市场，占出口总量的92.2%，其中煤炭（48.3%）和铜矿石及精矿（33.5%）占出口的大部分。与此同时，进口额增长5.5%，达到25.48亿美元，主要原因是汽车、柴油、汽车备件、卡车和电话机的采购量增加。在贸易伙伴中，中国占进口份额最大（33.1%），其次是俄罗斯（27.6%）和日本（13.8%）。

Mongolia’s trade surplus narrowed to USD 171.7 million in March 2025 from USD 648.7 million in the same month of the previous year. Exports plunged 31.3% year-on-year to USD 1008.3 million, while imports edged up 2.1% to USD 836.7 million. For the January–March period, the trade surplus shrank to USD 465.1 million from USD 1236 million a year earlier. Exports declined 17.5% to USD 3013.0 million, driven by lower sales of coal, gold, sheep and goat meat, iron ore and concentrates, and crude petroleum oils. China remained Mongolia’s largest export market, accounting for 92.2% of outbound shipments, with coal (48.3%) and copper ores and concentrates (33.5%) making up the bulk of exports. Meanwhile, imports rose 5.5% to USD 2548.0 million, mainly due to higher purchases of cars, diesel, spare parts for vehicles, trucks and telephone sets. Among trading partners, China accounted for the largest share of imports (33.1%), followed by Russia (27.6%) and Japan (13.8%).

2025年2月，蒙古的贸易顺差从去年同期的2.554亿美元收窄至2.478亿美元。出口同比增长7.6%，达到9.856亿美元，进口同比增长11.7%，达到7.377亿美元。1月至2月，贸易顺差从一年前的5.873亿美元缩减至2.94亿美元。出口下降8.1%，至200500万美元，主要原因是活体动物和动物源性产品（-37.7%）以及纺织品和纺织制品（-26.3%）的销售额下降。中国仍然是蒙古最大的出口市场，占出口量的89.3%，煤炭（50.5%）和铜矿石及精矿（30.9%）占出口的大部分。与此同时，进口增长7.3%，至17.11亿美元，主要原因是机械、设备和电器（+16.9%）以及贱金属（+15.3%）的采购量增加。在贸易伙伴中，中国占进口份额最大（30.8%），其次是俄罗斯（28.9%）和日本（14.1%）。

Mongolia’s trade surplus narrowed to USD 247.8 million in February 2025 from USD 255.4 million in the same month of the previous year. Exports rose 7.6% year-on-year to USD 985.6 million, while imports increased 11.7% to USD 737.7 million. For the January–February period, the trade surplus shrank to USD 294 million from USD 587.3 million a year earlier. Exports declined 8.1% to USD 2,005 million, driven by lower sales of live animals and animal-origin products (-37.7%) and textiles & textile articles (-26.3%). China remained Mongolia’s largest export market, accounting for 89.3% of outbound shipments, with coal (50.5%) and copper ores and concentrates (30.9%) making up the bulk of exports. Meanwhile, imports rose 7.3% to USD 1.711 billion, mainly due to higher purchases of machinery, equipment, and electrical appliances (+16.9%) and base metals (+15.3%). Among trading partners, China accounted for the largest share of imports (30.8%), followed by Russia (28.9%) and Japan (14.1%).

2025年2月，蒙古的年通货膨胀率从上个月向下修正的8.7%上升到9.6%。这标志着自2023年9月以来的最高通货膨胀率，因为食品和非酒精饮料（9.5%对1月份的9.2%）、住房和公用事业（22.3%对20.5%）、交通（4.7%对0.5%）、酒精饮料和烟草（3.4%对3.1%）、健康（4.1%对3.9%）以及餐馆和酒店（14.3%对14.2%）的价格加速上涨。与此同时，服装和鞋类（9%对9.6%）、通信（1.2%对1.3%）、娱乐和文化（6.4%对6.8%）以及杂项商品和服务（12.1%对12.3%）的成本有所缓和。按月计算，2025年2月消费者价格指数从上个月的1.1%微升至1.4%。

The annual inflation rate in Mongolia rose to 9.6% in February 2025 from a downwardly revised 8.7% in the previous month. This marked the highest inflation rate since September 2023, as prices accelerated for food and non-alcoholic beverages (9.5% vs 9.2% in January), housing and utilities (22.3% vs 20.5%), transport (4.7% vs 0.5%), alcoholic beverages and tobacco (3.4% vs 3.1%), health (4.1% vs 3.9%), and restaurants and hotels (14.3% vs 14.2%). Meanwhile, costs moderated for clothing and footwear (9% vs 9.6%), communication (1.2% vs 1.3%), recreation and culture (6.4% vs 6.8%), and miscellaneous goods and services (12.1% vs 12.3%). On a monthly basis, consumer prices edged higher to 1.4% in February 2025 from 1.1% in the previous month.

2024年第四季度，蒙古经济同比增长4.9%，略低于前三个月5%的增长率。采矿和采石业（第三季度为10.8%对11.4%）、批发和零售业的活动放缓；汽车和摩托车维修（6.6%对7.9%）和服务（7.8%对8.6%）。与此同时，农业、林业、渔业和狩猎业（-28.7%对-25%）以及制造业（-1.2%对0.1%）的产量均有所下降。与此同时，建筑业（10.4%对7.8%）、运输和仓储业（23.1%对15.7%）以及信息和通信业（15.5%对14.4%）的产出增长加快。

The economy of Mongolia expanded by 4.9% year-on-year in the fourth quarter of 2024, slightly down from the 5% growth recorded in the previous three-month period. Activity slowed for mining & quarrying (10.8% vs 11.4% in Q3), wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (6.6% vs 7.9%), and services (7.8% vs 8.6%). At the same time, production declined for agriculture, forestry, fishing & hunting (-28.7% vs -25%) as well as manufacturing (-1.2% vs 0.1%). Meanwhile, output growth accelerated for construction (10.4% vs 7.8%), transportation & storage (23.1% vs 15.7%), and information & communication (15.5% vs 14.4%).