蒙古证交所20指数 (MSETOP20) 加自选

2025年8月，蒙古的贸易顺差从去年同期的2.674亿美元扩大到4.107亿美元。这是2024年10月以来最大的贸易顺差，出口增长3.8%，进口下降8.2%。然而，在1月至8月期间，贸易顺差从一年前的31.241亿美元收窄至16.815亿美元。出口同比下降13.8%，至91.581亿美元，主要原因是纺织品和纺织制品（-49.9%）和矿产品（-13.6%）的销售额下降，其中中国占总出口的91.9%，其次是瑞士（5.1%）和美国（1%）。与此同时，进口下降0.3%，至74.767亿美元，受矿产品（-4.3%）和运输车辆及其备件（-5.1%）采购减少的拖累。中国占进口总额的最大份额（39.5%），其次是俄罗斯（24%）和日本（11.4%）。

Mongolia's trade surplus widened to USD 410.7 million in August 2025 from USD 267.4 million in the same month last year. It was the largest trade surplus since October 2024, as exports rose by 3.8%, while imports fell by 8.2%. For the January-August period, however, the trade surplus narrowed to USD 1,681.5 million from USD 3,124.1 million a year earlier. Exports declined 13.8% year-on-year to USD 9,158.1 million, mainly due to lower sales of textiles and textile articles (-49.9%) and mineral products (-13.6%), with China representing 91.9% of total exports, followed by Switzerland (5.1%) and the US (1%). Meanwhile, imports slipped 0.3% to USD 7,476.7 million, dragged down by reduced purchases of mineral products (-4.3%) and transport vehicles and their spare parts (-5.1%). China accounted for the largest share of total imports (39.5%), followed by Russia (24%) and Japan (11.4%).

蒙古的年通货膨胀率从上个月的8.1%上升到2025年8月的8.8%。这是自3月以来的最高读数，因为食品和非酒精饮料（9.9%对7月的6.4%）、健康（6.2%对5.2%）、交通（3.6%对2.9%）、餐馆和酒店（12.8%对12%）、酒精饮料和烟草（4.9%对4.3%）以及通信（1%对0.8%）的价格加速上涨。另一方面，教育（12.8%对18.2%）、服装和鞋类（8.4%对9.1%）、家具、家用设备和工具（5.8%对6.3%）、娱乐和文化（5.6%对6%）、杂项商品和服务（8.6%对10%）以及住房和公用事业（19.8%对19.9%）的成本有所缓和。此外，保险和金融服务的价格保持稳定（15.3%）。按月计算，8月份消费者价格指数上涨1.6%，从前一个月0.1%的跌幅反弹。

The annual inflation rate in Mongolia rose to 8.8% in August 2025 from 8.1% in the previous month. This marked the highest reading since March, as prices accelerated for food and non-alcoholic beverages (9.9% vs 6.4% in July), health (6.2% vs 5.2%), transport (3.6% vs 2.9%), restaurants and hotels (12.8% vs 12%), alcoholic beverages and tobacco (4.9% vs 4.3%), and communication (1% vs 0.8%). On the other hand, costs moderated for education (12.8% vs 18.2%), clothing and footwear (8.4% vs 9.1%), furnishings, household equipment and tools (5.8% vs 6.3%), recreation and culture (5.6% vs 6%), miscellaneous goods and services (8.6% vs 10%), and housing and utilities (19.8% vs 19.9%). Additionally, prices were stable for insurance and financial services (15.3%). On a monthly basis, consumer prices rose 1.6% in August, rebounding from a 0.1% decline in the previous month.

2025年第二季度，蒙古国内生产总值增长5.6%，高于前三个月2.4%的增长率。这标志着自去年第二季度以来最强劲的经济增长，主要得益于农业部门的强劲表现（第一季度为3.6%，第一季度为1%）。此外，工业和建筑业的产量增长（1%对0.4%），主要是建筑业。另一方面，服务业产出放缓（0.7%对1.2%），批发和零售（-0.7%对-0.6%）和运输（-0.6%对-1.2%）继续下降，而其他服务业增长放缓（1.4%对2.4%）。经季节性调整的季度数据显示，该国经济在第二季度增长了1.6%，而前一季度增长了0.4%。

The gross domestic product of Mongolia expanded by 5.6% in the second quarter of 2025, accelerating from a 2.4% growth in the previous three-month period. This marked the strongest economic growth since the second quarter of last year, mainly driven by a strong performance in the agricultural sector (3.6% vs 1% in Q1). Additionally, production rose for industry and construction sectors (1% vs 0.4%), primarily in construction. On the other hand, output in services moderated (0.7% vs 1.2%), as wholesale and retail (-0.7% vs -0.6%) and transportation (-0.6% vs -1.2%) continued to decline, while other services slowed (1.4% vs 2.4%). On a seasonally adjusted quarterly basis, the country’s economy grew by 1.6% in Q2, following a 0.4% expansion in the preceding period.

2025年7月，蒙古的贸易顺差从去年同期的3.456亿美元收窄至2.157亿美元，原因是出口下降速度远快于进口。出口同比下降15.1%，至11.71亿美元，而进口下降7.6%，至9.55亿美元。1月至7月，贸易顺差从一年前的28.567亿美元降至12.708亿美元。出口从77.515亿美元降至92.686亿美元，同比下降16.4%，主要原因是煤炭、洗涤羊绒、原油、绵羊和山羊肉以及铁矿石和精矿的销售。中国仍然是蒙古最大的出口市场，占蒙古出境货物的91.9%。与此同时，进口增长1.1%，达到6480.8美元，主要是由于乘用车、汽车零部件和酒精饮料的购买量增加。在贸易伙伴中，中国占进口份额最大（38.7%），其次是俄罗斯（23.6%）和日本（12.3%）。

Mongolia’s trade surplus narrowed to USD 215.7 million in July 2025 from USD 345.6 million in the same month of the previous year, as exports fell much faster than imports. Exports declined by 15.1% year-on-year to USD 1,171 million while imports fell at a softer 7.6% to USD 955 million. For the January-July period, the trade surplus shrank to USD 1,270.8 million from USD 2,856.7 million a year earlier. Exports declined by 16.4% from a year earlier to USD 9,268.6 million from USD 7,751.5 million, driven by sales of coal, washed cashmere, crude petroleum oils, sheep and goat meat, and iron ores and concentrates. China remained Mongolia’s largest export market, accounting for 91.9% outbound shipments. Meanwhile, imports rose by 1.1% to USD 6,480.8, mainly due to higher purchases of passenger cars, spare parts for vehicles, and alcoholic beverages. Among trading partners, China accounted for the largest share of imports (38.7%), followed by Russia (23.6%), and Japan (12.3%).