斯里兰卡科伦坡指数 (ASPI) 加自选

2025年4月，斯里兰卡的贸易逆差从去年同期的5.577亿美元扩大到7.175亿美元。进口额同比激增17.5%，达到16.859亿美元，主要受消费品（+60.2%）和投资品（+50.1%）大幅增长的推动，其中个人汽车进口大幅增长3300%。与此同时，出口增长10.4%，达到9.684亿美元，这得益于农产品（+14.9%）和工业品（+9.2%）的出货量增加，特别是运输设备和化工产品。

Sri Lanka’s trade deficit widened to USD 717.5 million in April 2025 from USD 557.7 million in the same month a year earlier. Imports surged by 17.5% year-on-year to USD 1,685.9 million, primarily driven by a sharp increase in consumer goods (+60.2%)—notably a dramatic 3,300% rise in personal vehicle imports—and investment goods (+50.1%). Meanwhile, exports rose by 10.4% to USD 968.4 million, supported by higher shipments in agricultural products (+14.9%) and industrial goods (+9.2%), particularly in transport equipment and chemical products.

2025年4月，斯里兰卡的生产者价格指数同比下降1.1%，此前一个月修正后下降了2.9%。这标志着连续第七个月出现通货紧缩，尽管速度是六个月来最慢的，因为制造业（-1.0%对-3.2%）和公用事业部门（-42.0%对-46.3%）的价格下跌放缓，而农业价格加速（17.1%对8.5%）。在3月份下降0.2%之后，4月份生产者价格指数环比上涨0.4%。

Producer prices in Sri Lanka fell by 1.1% year-on-year in April 2025, following a revised 2.9% decline in the previous month. This marked the seventh consecutive month of deflation, though at the softest pace in six months, as price declines moderated for both manufacturing (-1.0% vs -3.2%) and the utility sector (-42.0% vs -46.3%), while prices accelerated for agriculture (17.1% vs 8.5%). On a monthly basis, producer prices rose by 0.4% in April, following a 0.2% drop in March.

2025年4月，斯里兰卡首都科伦坡的消费者价格同比下降0.7%，低于上个月的2.0%。这标志着连续第九个月出现通货紧缩，尽管这是八个月来最温和的下降，因为住房和公用事业（-8.8%对3月的-9.3%）以及家具和设备（-0.6%对-0.8%）的价格下跌有所缓和，而运输的价格下跌幅度更大（-6.5%对-6.2%）。相比之下，一些类别出现了新的价格压力。餐馆和酒店的价格反弹（+0.4%对-0.1%），而食品和非酒精饮料价格飙升（+5.2%对+1.3%），酒精饮料和烟草价格也飙升（+3.4%对+1.7%）。按月计算，4月份消费者价格指数上涨0.8%，从3月份0.2%的跌幅中恢复过来。

Consumer prices in Sri Lanka's capital, Colombo, decreased by 0.7% year-on-year in April 2025, slowing from a 2.0% drop in the previous month. This marked the ninth consecutive month of deflation, though the softest drop in eight months, as price declines moderated for both housing and utilities (-8.8% vs -9.3% in March) and furnishing and equipment (-0.6% vs -0.8%), while the decrease deepened for transport (-6.5% vs -6.2%). In contrast, some categories saw renewed price pressures. Prices for restaurants and hotels rebounded (+0.4% vs -0.1%), while food and non-alcoholic beverages surged (+5.2% vs +1.3%), along with alcoholic beverages and tobacco (+3.4% vs +1.7%). On a monthly basis, consumer prices rose by 0.8% in April, recovering from a 0.2% decline in March.

斯里兰卡中央银行在2025年5月的会议上将基准利率降至7.75%，标志着今年的首次政策宽松，并加强了其对5%通胀目标的承诺，同时支持正在进行的经济复苏。常备贷款利率和常备存款利率也分别降至8.25%和7.25%。这一决定是在自3月以来通货紧缩状况开始缓解之际做出的，目前预计通货膨胀将在第三季度初转为正值，并逐渐与目标保持一致。核心通胀和预期也趋于稳定。与此同时，私营部门信贷强劲增长和市场贷款利率下降继续支持国内活动。在外部方面，尽管贸易逆差不断扩大，但由于净外汇购买，斯里兰卡的外汇储备有所加强。旅游收入和汇款有助于稳定对外部门，尽管卢比在2025年出现了一些贬值。

The Central Bank of Sri Lanka lowered its benchmark interest rate to 7.75% during its May 2025 meeting, marking the first policy easing of the year and reinforcing its commitment to the 5% inflation target while supporting the ongoing economic recovery. The Standing Lending Facility Rate and Standing Deposit Facility Rate were also reduced to 8.25% and 7.25%, respectively. The decision comes as deflationary conditions have begun to ease since March, with inflation now projected to turn positive by early Q3 and gradually align with the target. Core inflation and expectations are also stabilizing. Meanwhile, strong private sector credit growth and falling market lending rates continue to support domestic activity. On the external front, Sri Lanka’s reserves have strengthened due to net forex purchases, despite a widening trade deficit. Tourism revenues and remittances have helped stabilize the external sector, although the rupee has seen some depreciation in 2025.